Department of Electronic Commerce
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://cris.hit.ac.zw/handle/123456789/14
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Item AN INVESTIGATION OF THE PROFILES OF ZIMBABWEAN STEM UNDERGRADUATE FRESHMEN AS INPUT TO ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION FOR STEM STU(JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE, TECHNOLOGY & ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN AFRICA, 2018) Masunda, Makanzwa Mercy; Chitumba, Charles; Mushayavanhu, Tawanda Prosper; Simuka, JoshuaItem Modelling the Sensitivity of Zimbabwean Commercial Banks’ Non-performing Loans to Shocks in Macro-economic Variables and Micro-economic Variables: (2009-2014)(World Journal of Operational Research, 2017-06-21) Muvingi, Jacob; Sauka, Kudzai; Chisunga, David; Chirume, CrispenThis paper used complementary panel data models that are fixed effect regression model and panel vector auto regression model. The study was motivated by the hypothesis that both macroeconomic and microeconomic variables have an effect on the loan quality. The first part of the research was to determine the specific macro and microeconomic variables that give rise to the non-performing loans (NPLs) using fixed effect regression model. The empirical findings of this study provide evidence that nonperforming loans depends on macro and micro economic variables, the trend analysis of Zimbabwean commercial banks’ shows an upward movement of over the period of study. The study found out that Gross domestic product (GDP), Inflation, loan deposit ratio and bank size had a statistical significant effect on the level of non-performing loans (NPLs). The second part was mainly to model the dynamic relationship of all the variables that were found to affect nonperforming loans (NPLs); this was done through impulse response analysis based on PANEL VAR model. One standard shock to credit growth will be greatly felt in the sixth year, whereas of size of the bank will have a great negative impulse in the seventh yearItem Acceptance of E-Resources by Students in Zimbabwe State Universities’ Libraries: A Consumer Behavior Perspective(International Information & Library Review, 2017-11-29) Mbengo, Pinigas; Ruzande, Cleopas; Phiri, Maxwell. AE-resources have a significant contribution toward students learning in universities, but their adoption has not reached its full potential in Zimbabwe. The major purpose of this study was to explore the acceptability of e-resources in Zimbabwe state universities’libraries by students. A survey study involving a sample of 233 respondents was done to measure the preparedness of undergraduate and postgraduate students to adopt e-resources. Structural equation modelling was used ascertain the results. Results from structural model revealed that performance expectancy and hedonic motivation had no statistically significant influence on behavioral intention to adopt e-resources while effort expectancy and facilitating conditions had a negative and insignificant impact on behavioral intention. However, there was sufficient evidence indicating that social influence, price value and habit had a statistically significant and positive influence on behavioral intention to adopt e-resources. Academic and managerial insights were drawn from this study and theoretical and practical recommendations in line with findings were suggested.Item Zimbabwe Stock Exchange (“ZSE”)’s Exposure to Global Crude Oil Price Volatility(Zimbabwe Stock Exchange (“ZSE”)’s Exposure to Global Crude Oil Price Volatility, 2014-12-08) Chiwanza, Washington; Gachira, Walter; Nkomo, Dingilizwe; Chikore, RunesuThe major aim of this paper is to investigate Zimbabwe’s Stock Exchange indices’ exposure to global oil price volatility for the period 2009-2012.To determine the relationship between volatility of crude oil returns and volatility of stock returns of the ZSE indices using econometric GARCH models. Also to investigate the correlation of the global oil price in the form of Brent Crude oil prices index and Western Texas Intermediate (WTI) oil prices index with ZSE Industrial Index and the ZSE Mining index between 2009 and 2012. A GARCH approach is employed to analyse data from ZSE and Chicago Mercantile Exchange, OPEC and Datastream® Data. Daily data for crude oil prices and Zimbabwe stock exchange indices were collected for the period 2009-2012 and analysed. The variables of the Zimbabwe stock exchange are ZSE Industrial Index; and ZSE Mining index. Variables on Crude oil prices comprised of Western Texas Intermediate (“WTI”) spot prices index; and Brent Crude oil spot prices index. Returns of stock on all the four indices were calculated. It was assumed that returns on stocks would mirror stock price movements. Volatility of returns on ZSE industrial index was very low with standard deviations ranging between -.01 to +.01. Volatility of returns on the ZSE Mining index was significant relative to the industrial index with standard between-0.1 to -0.1. Volatility of stock returns on Brent Crude spot price index was very high with standard deviations ranging between -0.6 to +0.6, while stock returns on Western Texas Intermediate (“WTI”) spot prices index displayed high volatility, standard deviations ranged from - 0.1 to +0.1. Standard deviation indicates the level of dispersion from the the mean. GARCH coefficients indicated that the mean of stock returns as represented by were generally negative for the two domestic stock indices while the means of global oil stock returns were positive. Parameters ∝ and of the four indices were statistically significant. The coefficients of all the indices were highly significant ranging between 0.6300 to 0.9300 indicating that volatility was persistent in the period under investigation and that volatility was to a large extend driven by the prices and values of the previous time period (past performance).There was a positive correlation between industrial index and Brent crude with a correlation coefficient of 0.505 as well as a positive correlation between the ZSE Industrial index and the WTI oil price index with a coefficient of 0.520. There was a negative correlation coefficient of -0.332 between the Mining index and the global Brent crude oil prices as well as a negative correlation coefficient of -0.201 between Mining index and WTI Crude. The results of the study confirmed the hypothesis that the ZSE stock markets are indeed exposed to significant exogenous risks emanating from rising global crude oil price movements. There are however, moderating factors as the standard deviations on ZSE stock returns are much lower compared to standard deviations of stock returns on the global oil indices. Also the correlation coefficients are on the low side. Increases in crude oil prices have the potential to subdue any favourable factors to share price increases.Item Zimbabwe commercials banks efficiency and productivity analysis through DEA Malmquist approach: 2002-2012(Journal of Data Envelopment Analysis and Decision Science, 2015-01-30) Muvingi, Jacob; Hotera, SuggestMajority of data envelopment analysis studies have been focused on developed economies and economies in Asia, and very few studies on developing economies particularly African economies. This research aims to determine bank efficiency and productivity change of Zimbabwean commercial banks. The DEA model was used to measure the efficiency of 10 commercial banks working in Zimbabwe. The intermediation approach was used to specify variables. The average scores of technical efficiency under the Constant Returns to Scale (CRS) and Variable Returns to Scale (VRS) assumptions for the commercial banking sector as a whole are 70.95% and 81.5% respectively. The average scale efficiency for commercial banks operating in Zimbabwe was found to be 73.7%.Through applying the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) method; it was found that the mean total factor productivity increase for Zimbabwean commercial banks from 2003 to 2012 is 13.8%. The results also showed that the total factor productivity index peaked in 2009 where it reached a value of 121.1% and reached the lowest point in 2005 were it went down to (-52%)Item Online Video Promotion with User Specific Information(nternational Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, 2015-04-20) Varaprasad, A.Deva; .Subashini, N.J; Chifamba, ShepardThere are various ways and methods used in video recommendation which are purely statistical. These would give recommendations to users based on either their previous search or other criteria. These systems set up a large number of context collectors at the terminals. However, the context collecting and exchanging result in heavy network overhead, and the context processing consumes huge computation. Due to these criterion users end up getting unnecessary content which makes the browser slow. In this paper we propose a user specific category based promotion, we propose and provide for characterization of individual content as well as social attributes that help distinguish each user class. Thus a user defined video recommendation would ensure faster access to only important information which is in the user's domain of interest which utilises low buffer space and increase the speed of the system for user satisfactionItem Stock Liquidity and Returns: Evidence from the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange(Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research In Business, 2014-07-01) Chikore, Runesu; Gachira, Walter; Nkomo, Dingilizwe; Chiwanza, WashingtonThis study extends the literature on the relationship between stock liquidity and returns by presenting evidence from the capital market of a developing economy. Using data from the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange, we apply a vector autoregression model in examining the impact of stock liquidity on returns over the period February 2009 to December 2012. The study employs four proxies as stock liquidity measures, namely; trading volume, turnover, relative bid-ask spread and relative spread. The analysis also applies Granger causality tests from the VAR models. We also enhance the robustness of the analysis by considering the impulse response functions and variance decompositions. Results from the study show that stock liquidity variation plays an important role in stock returns because investors tend to price liquidity premium in stocks. The main finding is that liquidity negatively affects stock returns for stocks listed on the ZSE.Item Internal Marketing Elements’ Influence on Employee Performance: A Case of Harare Institute of Technology in Zimbabwe(Journal of Business Administration and Education, 2014-01-03) Mbengo, Pinigas; Chinakidzwa, MoreA considerable number of organisations in the service industry are realising the significance of internal marketing as they address and respond to the changing environment in order to obtain competitive advantage. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the internal marketing mix elements vital for employee performance at Harare Institute of Technology. Most government institutions have remained rigid due to their bureaucratic structures and this has caused them to adopt slowly new techniques like internal marketing that foster innovation and productivity. In order to make a break through to this problem, most European state based institutions have marketised their operations. 106 questionnaires were distributed to both academic and non-academic staff. The relationships of the variables in the proposed model and the properties of the scale were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The findings of the study show that there existed strong relationships between training and innovation, empowerment and motivation. However, internal processes were not related at all to employee productivity. Based on the results, a considerable number of recommendations and suggestions were made.Item E-learning Adoption by Lecturers in Selected Zimbabwe State Universities: An Application of Technology Acceptance Model(Journal of Business Administration and Education, 2014-01-01) Mbengo, PinigasThe Technology Acceptance Model has widely been used in various studies in understanding information systems. However, this has been used intensively in developed economies with little application in developing economies like Zimbabwe. The rapid diffusion of the Internet has generated a rejuvenated interest and motivation in the role of new information and communication technologies in higher education and learning in Zimbabwe. The major purpose of the study was to explore the attitude of Zimbabwean lecturers in universities towards e-learning systems by applying TAM. Five hypotheses were developed basing on this model. The results indicated that significant relationships were recorded for perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude and behavioural intention to use e-learning. However, the relationship between perceived usefulness was not supported. A path model was developed to analyse the relationships between the variables that explain the attitudes of lecturers towards acceptance of the e-learning system. This study was important in that it was able to gauge the preparedness of state university lecturers towards e-learning use and it also discussed the benefits and challenges of the system to university communities and their employees. The outcomes of e-learning will enhance the lecturers‘ appreciation of e-learning acceptance and will assist the Zimbabwean government decision makers in planning, evaluating and implementationof e-learning at various levels of learning establishments. Key words: Adoption, Attitude, E-learning, Lecturers, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Zimbabwe State UniversitiesItem An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of E-banking Security Strategies in Zimbabwe: A Case Study of Zimbabwean Commercial Banks(Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce (JIBC), 2012-12) Zimucha, Tafadzwa; Zanamwe, Ngonidzashe; Chimwayi, Kerina Blessmore; Chakwizira, Elijah; Mapungwana, Petronella; Maduku, Tinovimbanashehe introduction of e-banking has often been believed to be inhibited by security threats among other issues. Few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of e-banking security strategies in spite of its apparent impact on adoption of e-banking. This research evaluated the effectiveness of e-banking security strategies in Zimbabwe. The adoption of e-banking by commercial banks increases security risks, potentially exposing their isolated systems to open and risky environments. The increasing popularity of e-banking has attracted the attention of both legitimate and illegitimate banking practices, thereby, exposing customers to criminal activities, fraud, thefts and various other threats of similar nature. Thus, it is imperative to deliver a secure e-banking system to avoid the risk of negative effects which include clients accounts being tampered with, phishing or identity theft. In order to achieve our broad aim, a representative sample of 31 participants from 15 commercial banks completed questionnaires which were analysed using SPSS. From the analysis, it was found out that the majority of banks are using between four and five e-banking security strategies. The strategies included passwords, firewalls, encryption, virtual keyboards, pins and access codes and secure socket layers. It was therefore concluded that Zimbabwean banks are effective in offering secure e-banking services.